Nicolas Marmaras

Bio | Activities | Research | Projects | Publications | Languages

N. Marmaras is Professor of Ergonomics at the National Technical University of Athens, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. He holds PhD in Ergonomics from the Conservatoire National des Arts et Mκtiers - France (1984), Diplome d' Etudes Approfondies (DEA) in Ergonomics from the Universitι Paris XIII - France (1981) and Diploma in Mechanical & Electrical Engineering -spec. Production Engineering, from the National Technical University of Athens - Greece (1979).
His research interests cover the areas of Cognitive Ergonomics, Ergonomic design, Human-Computer Interaction, User-centred design of IT systems, and Occupational Safety. He has carried out several RTD projects funded by the European Union and national funds. He has also undertaken and supervised many applied projects for Greek industries and organizations, dealing with improvement of working conditions, design or redesign of workplaces and products, plant layout, occupational safety and health, usability assessment of IT products, etc.
He frequently publishes in international and national scientific journals and books, and presents research papers in international and national conferences. He has written three handbooks in Greek ("Ergonomics", "Ergonomic Work Analysis", "Occupational Safety & Health").

Email:marmaras@central.ntua.gr
Telephone: +30 210 772 3492

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» Activities & Affiliations

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» Selected Research Projects

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» Selected Applied Projects

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» Publications
Journals | Books or Chapters | Conferences
Papers in Refereed Journals

Marmaras, N. (1986). Ergonomics and applications of information technology. Pliroforiki - No 1, pp. 22-26. (in Greek).

Marmaras, N., Pavard, B. & Xanthoudakis, H. (1987). Modification of mental representations induced from the computer tools: the case of musical synthesis. Journal of Psychology - USSR Academy of Sciences, Tome 8, No 1, pp 147-150. (in Russian and in French).

Marmaras, N. (1989). Ergonomics and Occupational Health and Safety. Iatriki tis Ergasias, Vol. 1, No 4, pp. 176-186. (in Greek).

Marmaras, N. (1991). Human errors and human. Technika Chronika, Area B, Vol. 11, No 3, pp. 7-31.

Marmaras, N. (1991). Ergonomics contribution to the improvement of noise. Iatriki tis Ergasias, Vol. 3, N 4, pp. 97-202. (in Greek)

Marmaras, N. (1992). Competences et performance des operateurs dans les unites de production a processus continu. Performances Humaines & Techniques, No 59, pp. 34-42.

Marmaras, N., Lioukas, S. & Laios, L. (1992). Identifying competencies for the design of systems supporting complex decision making tasks: a managerial planning application. Ergonomics, Vol. 35, No 10, pp. 1221-1241.

Marmaras, N. & Lyritzis, K. (1993). Design of an alternative keyboard layout for the Greek language. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 5, No 3, pp. 289-310.

Marmaras, N., Vassilakis, P. & Dounias, G. (1995). Factors affecting accuracy of producing time intervals. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 80, pp. 1043-1056.

Marmaras, N. & Zarboutis, N. (1997). Ergonomic redesign of the electric guitar. Applied Ergonomics, 28(1), pp. 59-68.

Marmaras, N., Vassilakopoulou, P. & Salvendy, G. (1997). Developing a cognitive aid for CNC lathe programming through problem-driven approach. International Journal of Cognitive Ergonomics, 1(3), pp. 267-289

Marmaras, N., Poulakakis, G. and Papakostopoulos, V. (1999). Ergonomic design in ancient Greece. Applied Ergonomics, 30 (4), pp. 361-368.

Marmaras, N. & Poulakakis, G. (1999). Computer ergonomics in scools. Synchroni Ekpedefsi, 107, pp. 107-113.

Marmaras, N. & Pavard, B. (1999). A methodological framework for development and evaluation of systems supporting complex cognitive tasks. Cognition, Technology & Work, 1(4), pp.222-236.

Kontogiannis, T., Leopoulos, V. & Marmaras, N. (2000). A Comparison of Accident Analysis Techniques for Safety-Critical Man-Machine Systems. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 25(4) pp. 315-453.

Kontogiannis, T., Kossiavelou, Z. & Marmaras, N. (2002). Self reports of aberrant behaviour on roads: errors and violations in a sample of Greek drivers. Accidents Analysis & Prevention 34, 381-399.

Zarboutis, N. & Marmaras, N. (2004). Searching Efficient Plans for Emergency Rescue using Simulation: The Case of a Metro Fire. Cognition, Technology & Work 6, 121-136.

Marmaras, N., Nathanael, D. (2005). Cognitive engineering practice: Melting theory into reality. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science. 6 (2), pp. 109-127.

Margaritis, S. & Marmaras, N. (2007). Supporting the ergonomic design of office layout. Applied Ergonomics, 38, pp. 781-790.

Zarboutis, N. & Marmaras, N. (2007). Design of Formative Evacuation Plans using Agent-Based Simulation. Safety Science, 45(9), pp. 920-940.

Nathanael, D. & Marmaras, N. (2008). On the development of work practices: a constructivist model. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 9 (5), pp. 359-382.

Marmaras, N., Nathanael, D. & Zarboutis, N. (2008). The transition from CRT to LCD monitors: effects on monitor placement and possible consequences in viewing distance and body postures. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 38(7-8), pp. 584-592.

Marmaras, N. (2008). L'interaction compositeur-ordinateur il y a 25 ans. Circuit 18 (1), pp. 109-120.

Papantoniou, B. & Marmaras, N. (2008). Transcending the Task-Artefact cycle through evolvable design: the concept of shearing layers. Interacting with Computers (δεκτό για δημοσίευση).

Drivalou, S. & Marmaras, N. (2009). Supporting skill-, rule-, and knowledge-based behaviour through an ecological interface. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. 39, pp.947-965.

Papakostopoulos, B., Marmaras, N. (2012). Conventional vehicle display panels: the drivers’ operative images and directions for their redesign. Applied Ergonomics, 43, pp.821-828.

Nathanael, D. & Marmaras, N. (2012). A question of our marketing or our preconceptions: Commentary on the paper ‘A strategy for human factors/ergonomics: developing the discipline and profession’. Ergonomics 55 (12), pp. 1612-1617, DOI:10.1080/00140139.2012.741716

Portouli, E., E., Nathanael, D., Marmaras, N. (2014). Drivers’ Communicative Interactions: On-road observations and modelling for integration in future automation systems. Ergonomics, 57:12, 1795-1805

Tsagkas, V., Nathanael, D., Marmaras, N. (2014). A pragmatic mapping of factors behind deviating acts in aircraft maintenance. Relιability Engineering & Systems Safety 130: 106-114

Nathanael, D. Zarboutis, N. Marmaras, N. (2014). Contradiction analysis: towards a dialectical approach in ergonomics field interventions, Production. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-65132014005000022.

Papakostopoulos, V., Nathanael, D., Portouli, E., Marmaras, N. (2015). The effects of changes in the traffic scene during overtaking, Accident Analysis & Prevention, 79: 126-132, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2015.02.025.

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Books or Chapters

Laios, L., Marmaras, N. & Giannacourou, M. (1991). Developing Intelligent Decision Support Systems through User-Centred Design: A managerial planning application. In Methods and Tools in User-Centred Design for Information Technology. M. Galer, S. Harker & J. Ziegler (Eds), Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., p.p. 373-412.

Marmaras, N. & Papadopoulos, St. (1997). Working with computers: a tool for ergonomic assessment and design, Athens: NTUA Press. (in Greek).

Marmaras, N. (2000). User needs analysis within user-centred design. In International Encyclopedia of Ergonomics and Human Factors, W. Karwowski (Ed.), London: Taylor & Francis.

Marmaras, N. & Kontogiannis, T. (2001). Cognitive Tasks. In Handbook of Industrial Engineering, G. Salvendy (Ed.). New York: John Wileys & Sons.

Marmaras, N. & Nathanael, D. (2005). Workplace Design. In Handbook of Human Factors & Ergonomics, 3rd edition, G. Salvendy (ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons, p.p.

Marmaras, N., Kontogiannis, T. & Nathanael, D. (eds) (2005). Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the European Association of Cognitive Ergonomics, EACE 2005, Sept.30th - Oct. 1st Chania, Greece.

Μαρμαράς, Ν. (2007). Μικροοικονομική ανάλυση των συνθηκών υγείας και ασφάλειας στην εργασία: Εκτίμηση κόστους εργατικών ατυχημάτων και ασθενειών. Αθήνα: Ελληνικό Ινστιτούτο Υγιεινής και Ασφάλειας της Εργασίας.

Nathanael, D. & Marmaras, N. (2008). Work practices and prescription: a key issue for organizational resilience. In Remaining Sensitive to the Possibility of Failure, E. Hollnagel. Ch. Nemeth & S. Dekker (eds). Hamshire: Ashgate, p.p.

Μαρμαράς, Ν. & Ναθαναήλ Δ. (2009). Τα τεχνήματα ως μονάδα ανάλυσης της συλλογικής εργασίας. Στο Εισαγωγή στη συνεργασία υποστηριζόμενη από υπολογιστή. Ν. Αβούρης, Χ. Καραγιαννίδης Β. Κόμης (Eds.). Αθήνα: Εκδόσεις Κλειδάριθμος.

Μαρμαράς, Ν. & Ναθαναήλ Δ. (2009). Κοινότητες πρακτικής και πληροφοριακά συστήματα. Στο Εισαγωγή στη συνεργασία υποστηριζόμενη από υπολογιστή. Ν. Αβούρης, Χ. Καραγιαννίδης Β. Κόμης (Eds.). Αθήνα: Εκδόσεις Κλειδάριθμος.

Marmaras, N. (2010). Introduction to Ergonomics. Athens: NTUA University Press (in Greek).

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Publications in Conference Proceedings (refereed)

Iordanides, P. & Marmaras, N. (1987). Human-machine interaction in automation: ergonomic approach. In Automation and Robotics, Athens: Technical Chamber of Greece, Vol. A, pp. 373-381. (in Greek).

Laios, L. & Marmaras, N. (1988). A user oriented approach for the design of an information technology product supporting managerial planning tasks. In ESPRIT '88: Putting the technology to use, Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Part 2, pp. 1039-1051.

Marmaras, N. & Lyritzis, K. (1990). Keyboard layout for occasional users. In Human - Computer Interaction - INTERACT'90. D. Diaper, D. Gilmore, G. Cockton & B. Shackel (Eds.), Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., pp. 707-712.

Marmaras, N. (1992). Human reliability, Ergonomics in Process Plants. In Occupational Safety in Chemical Industry. Athens: Institute of Chemical Engineers. (in Greek).

Marmaras, N., Arvaniti, A. & Kavalierakis, St. (1992). Occupational Accidents analysis and development of preventive measures. In Occupational Safety in Chemical Industry. Athens: Institute of Chemical Engineers. (in Greek).

Marmaras, N. (1993). Human factor in new technologies. In Society, Technology and Production Restructuring, G. Giodakis (Ed.). Athens: Papazisis. (in Greek).

Marmaras, N. & Lykogianni, A. (1994). Human error analysis in anaesthesia. In Proceedings of the 12th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, Toronto: HFAC, Vol. 6, pp. 377-380.

Marmaras, N. (1994). Official and unofficial signals: a useful distinction for ergonomics. In Proceedings of the 12th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, Toronto: HFAC, Vol. 4, pp. 328-330.

Marmaras, N. & Maliagrou, M. (1996). Evaluation of operating rooms from an Anaesthesiologist's reliability perspective. In Advances in Applied Ergonomics, A. Ozok & G. Salvendy (Eds.), W. Lafayette: USA Publishing Corp., pp. 937-940.

Nathanael, D. & Marmaras, N. (1996). Improving performance and safety in a complex work situation: Fishing manoeuvres aboard open sea trawlers. In Advances in Applied Ergonomics, A. Ozok & G. Salvendy (Eds.), W. Lafayette: USA Publishing Corp., pp. 1064-1067.

Marmaras, N. (1997). User needs analysis in the context of user-centred design. In From Experience to Innovation - IEA'97, P. Seppala, T. Luopajarvi, C.H. Nygard, M. Mattila (Eds.), Helsinki: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Tome 2, pp. 159-161.

Nathanael, D., Marmaras, N. and Matsakis, I. (1997). Ergonomic work analysis for the development of a telematics application for medical assistance. In From Experience to Innovation - IEA'97, P. Seppala, T. Luopajarvi, C.H. Nygard, M. Mattila (Eds.), Helsinki: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Tome 7, pp. 489-491.

Poulakakis, G. & Marmaras, N. (1998). A model for the ergonomic design of office workstations. In Global Ergonomics, P.A. Scott, R. Bridger, J. Charteris (Eds.), Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 501-504.

Marmaras, N. (1999). Towards a Generic Ergonomics Model. In Strengths & Weaknesses, Threats & Opportunities of Ergonomics in front of 2000, N. Marmaras (Ed.), Athens: Hellenic Ergonomics Society, pp.39-51.

Nathanael, D. & Marmaras, N. (2000). User-centered design in practice: A medical tele-consultation management application. In Proceedings of the 14th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, San Diego: HFES.

Vitalis, A., Marmaras, N., Legg, St. and Poulakakis, G. (2000). Please be seated. In Proceedings of the 14th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, San Diego: HFES.

Nathanael, D. & Marmaras, N. (2001). Ecological design of informatics systems: a new paradigm to achieve usability and effectiveness. In: Advances in Human - Computer Interaction I, N. Avouris & N. Fakotakis (Eds), Patras: Typorama, pp. 65-70.

Zarboutis, N. & Marmaras, N. (2002). Emergency Management Respecting System's Complexity: The Case of Fire in a Metro Railway System. In: S. Bagnara et al. (eds): Proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics, Sept. 11th- 14th, Catania, Italy.

Nathanael, D., Marmaras, N., Papantoniou, B. & Zarboutis, N. (2002). Socio-technical Systems Analysis: Which Approach Should Be Followed? In: S. Bagnara et al. (eds): Proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics, Sept. 11th- 14th, Catania, Italy.

Papantoniou, B., Nathanael, D. & Marmaras, N. (2003). Moving Target: Designing for Evolving Practice. In Universal Access in HCI: Inclusive Design in the Information Society, C. Stefanidis (Eds.), Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc., Vol. 4, pp.474-478.

Nathanael, D., Marmaras, N. & Papantoniou, B. (2003). Designing for Proficient Users: Drawing from the Realities of Practice. In Human-Computer Interaction: Theory and Practice, J. Jacko & C. Stefanidis. (Eds.), Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc., Vol. 1, pp.183-187.

Margaritis, S. & Marmaras, N. (2003). Making the Ergonomic Requirements Functional: The case of Computerized Office Layout. In Proceedings of the XVth Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, Seoul: The Ergonomics Society of Korea, Vol. 2.

Drivalou, S. & Marmaras, N. (2003). Tracing Interface Design Solutions for an Electricity Distribution Network Control System using the Abstraction Hierarchy. In Proceedings of the XVth Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, Seoul: The Ergonomics Society of Korea, Vol. 2.

Papantoniou, B., Marmaras, N. (2004). The Ambiguous Status of a Tool: The Case of the Anaesthesia Chart. In Living and Working with Technology - Proceedings of the 12 th European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics, D. Reed, G. Baxter & M. Blythe (Eds.), EACE -INRIA, 2004, pp. 203-206.

Zarboutis, N. & Marmaras, N. (2005). Investigating Crowd behaviour during Emergency Evacuations using Agent-Based Modelling.  In EAM 2005 proceedings, Oct. 17th-19th, Athens, Greece.

Drivalou, S. & Marmaras, N. (2005). Designing Ecological Interfaces for the Supervision and Control of Electricity Distribution Networks. Proceedings of the 1st Panhellenic Conference of Mechanical and Electrical Engineers, 28-30 March, Athens (in Greek)

Papantoniou, B., Marmaras, N. (2005). Joint Cognitive System: A Hybrid Approach in Short-term Prodution Scheduling (in Greek). 1st National Mechanical-Electrical Engineers Conference, Athens, Greece.

Nathanael, D. & Marmaras, N. (2006). The interplay between work practices and prescription: a key issue for organizational resilience. In Proceedings of the 2nd Symposium on Resilience Engineering. E. Hollnagel & E. Rigaud (Eds). Antibes Juan-Les-Pins, pp. 229-237.

Gkikas, K., Nathanael, D. & Marmaras, N. (2007). The evolution of FPS games controllers: how use progressively shaped their present design. In T. Papatheodorou, D. Christodoulakis, and N. Karanikolas, (eds). Current Trends in Informatics, volume Α of Proceedings of the 11th Panhellenic Conference in Informatics (PCI'07), pp. 37-46, Patras, Greece, May 18-20.

Μαρμαράς, Ν. & Ναθαναήλ, Δ. (2007). Εκτίμηση Επαγγελματικού Κινδύνου: Από τους κινδύνους ως οντότητες στους κινδύνους ως καταστάσεις. Πρακτικά 2ου Πανελλήνιου Συνεδρίου Μηχανολόγων Ηλεκτρολόγων. Αθήνα.

Marmaras, N. & Nathanael, D. (2008). Models for cognitive work analysis in view of design: a critical review. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Applied Human Factors & Ergonomics 2008, Las Vegas, USA.

Papakostopoulos, V. & Marmaras, N. (2008). Designing Advanced Driver Assistance Systems: What kind of analysis is really needed? Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Applied Human Factors & Ergonomics 2008, Las Vegas, USA.

Marmaras, N. & Nathanael D. (2008). Task accomplishment vs healthy seating : a systemic unbalance. In Proceedings of the 3rd Congress of the Hellenic Society of Biomechanics.

Papakostopoulos, V. & Marmaras, N. (2009). Drawing car dashboards from memory: does driving experience matters? In Proceedings of the XVIIth World Congress of the IEA. Peking, China.


Vassilakopoulou, P., Tsagkas, V., Marmaras, N., 2010, Conceptual design of a personalised tool for remote preanaesthesia evaluation: a user-centered approach, 3rd International ICST Conference on Electronic Healthcare, December 2010

Vassilakopoulou, P., Tsagkas, V. & Marmaras, N. (2010). Exploratory Analysis of Deviations from Formal Procedures during Preoperative Anaesthetic Evaluation. In W- P. Brinkman and M. Neerincx (Eds.), Proceedings of European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics 2010, pp. 151-154.

Papakostopoulos, V., Nathanael, D. & Marmaras, N. (2010). An explorative study of visual scanning strategies of motorcyclists in urban environment. In W- P. Brinkman and M. Neerincx (Eds.), Proceedings of European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics 2010.

Portouli, E., Papakostopoulos, V. & Marmaras N. (2011) On-Road Pilot Study on the Need for Integrated Interfaces of In-Vehicle Driver Support Systems. In C. Stephanidis (Ed.), Universal Access in HCI, Part III, HCII 2011, LNCS 6767, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 316–325.

Vassilakopoulou, P., Tsagkas, V. and Marmaras, N. (2012). Workaround Identification as an Instrument for Work Analysis and Design: a Case Study on e-Prescription. In M. Soares and K. Jacobs (Eds), Proceedings of the 18th IEA World congress on Ergonomics, Work, Volume 41, Supplement 1/ 2012, IOS Press, pp. 1805-1810.

Portouli, E., Nathanael, D., Marmaras, N. and Papakostopoulos, V. (2012). Naturalistic observation of drivers’ interactions while overtaking on an undivided road. In M. Soares and K. Jacobs (Eds), Proceedings of the 18th IEA World congress on Ergonomics, Work, Volume 41, Supplement 1/ 2012, IOS Press, pp. 4185-4191.

Nathanael, D., Zarboutis, N. and Marmaras, N. (2012). The concept of contradiction in ergonomics Practice. In M. Soares and K. Jacobs (Eds), Proceedings of the 18th IEA World congress on Ergonomics, Work, Volume 41, Supplement 1/ 2012, IOS Press, pp. 95-100.

Marmaras, N. & Nathanael, D. (2012). Innovation et travail: quel role peuvent jouer les ergonomes? Actes du 47eme Congres International de la Societe d' Ergonomie de Langue Francaise.

Marmaras, N. , Nathanael, D. , Gkikas, K. (2015). Detailed design exercises help promote conceptual thinking: Lessons learned from teaching User Centered Design to an engineering class. In ECCE '15, Proceedings of the European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics. ISBN: 978-1-4503-3612-3

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» Languages

Nicolas speaks Greek (native speaker), English (fluent) and French (fluent).

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